It can be devastating to live with a dog that bites, especially if those bites seem unpredictable or random. This behavior is dangerous for people as well as for the dog, who now is at high risk of being rehomed or euthanized because of his behavior.
The concept of provocation is poorly understood, by dog owners and guardians and even in the scientific literature. In one study of children brought to an emergency room for dog bite injuries, for example, the authors reported that “more than half of these attacks were not provoked.” [1] It’s important to note, though, that even unexpected bites rarely (if ever) occur for no reason.
In fact, unless the dog is sick, all bites are provoked by something. A few considerations:
https://www.psychologytoday.com/ca/blog/decoding-your-pet/201412/dogs-dont-bite-out-the-blue